Table 1.
Patient characteristics at study enrollment (onset of septic shock*) in baseline cohort and propensity-score analysis.
| Baseline (n = 414) | Propensity-Score Matched (n = 224) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermittent Bolus (n = 124) |
Prolonged Infusion (n = 290) |
p-Value | Intermittent Bolus (n = 112) |
Prolonged Infusion (n = 112) |
p-Value | |
| Demographic data | ||||||
| Male sex | 86 (69%) | 189 (65%) | 0.4091 | 81 (72%) | 81 (72%) | 1.0000 |
| Tumor disease | 68 (55%) | 150 (52%) | 0.5610 | 63 (56%) | 48 (43%) | 0.0450 |
| Organ transplant | 16 (13%) | 28 (10%) | 0.4926 | 16 (14%) | 7 (6%) | 0.1323 |
| Age | 65 (13) | 66 (13) | 0.3792 | 64 (13) | 64 (13) | 0.9309 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 29 (8) | 29 (9) | 0.9718 | 29 (8) | 28 (10) | 0.3679 |
| Clinical condition | ||||||
| SOFA score | 13.5 (3.3) | 12.6 (2.9) | 0.0069 | 13.2 (3.0) | 12.4 (3.1) | 0.041 |
| APACHE II Score GFR (Cockroft-Gault) |
30.3 (6.4) 56 (46) |
33.5 (7.1) 56 (40) |
<0.0001 0.8994 |
29.9 (6.3) 60 (47) |
33.7 (6.6) 57 (50) |
<0.0001 0.6158 |
| VIS [μg/kg/min] | 68 (56) | 51 (35) | 0.0073 | 57 (37) | 56 (40) | 0.5616 |
| Creatinine [mg/dL] | 2.1 (1.2) | 2.0 (1.2) | 0.457 | 2.1 (1.2) | 2.0 (1.3) | 0.4988 |
| Serum lactate [mg/dL] | 55 (54) | 44 (41) | 0.0428 | 51 (49) | 46 (47) | 0.5728 |
| Leukocytes [n/mL] | 17 (12) | 17 (12) | 0.6721 | 17 (12) | 15 (11) | 0.5173 |
| CRP [mg/L] | 193 (113) | 181 (182) | 0.1036 | 194 (110) | 193 (256) | 0.1355 |
| Procalcitonin [ng/mL] | 28 (52) | 30 (62) | 0.0534 | 26 (45) | 30 (50) | 0.7274 |
| SOT |
% (n) 13 (16/124) |
% (n) 10 (28/290) |
0.5 |
% (n) 14 (16/112) |
% (n) 6 (7/112) |
0.1323 |
| Liver | 63 (10/16) | 46 (13/28) | 63 (10/16) | 71 (5/7) | ||
| Kidney | 19 (3/16) | 36 (10/28) | 19 (3/16) | 14 (1/7) | ||
| Others | 19 (3/16) | 18 (5/28) | 19 (3/16) | 14 (1/7) | ||
| Focus | 0.04 * | 0.108 | ||||
| Abdominal | 66 (82/124) | 76 (221/290) | 65 (73/112) | 78 (87/112) | ||
| Pulmonary | 17 (21/124) | 11 (31/290) | 18 (20/112) | 10 (11/112) | ||
| UTI | 6 (7/124) | 7 (20/290) | 5 (6/112) | 6 (7/112) | ||
Data are n(%) or mean (SD) unless otherwise specified. BMI: Body-mass-index. SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. APACHE II: Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II. GFR: Glomerular filtration rate. VIS: Vasoactive-Inotropic score (μg/kg per min) = 10× milrinon dose (μg/kg/min) + 10,000× vasopressin dose (U/kg/min) + 100× (epinephrine dose [μg/kg/min] + norepinephrine dose [μg/kg/min]). CRP: C-reactive Protein. SOT: solid organ transplantation. UTI: Urinary tract infection. * administration of: 1 or more vasopressor to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 65 mmHg or higher + hydrocortisone + β-lactam antibiotic.