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Generation of ROS in NADPH oxidase (NOX). In NOX, electrons of cytoplasmic NADPH are transferred to extracellular oxygen via gp91phox, forming O2•−. Other subunits (p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox and Rac) are responsible for NOX stabilization and regulation. The proton channel transfers protons extracellularly. O2•− is converted to H2O2 and diffuses through lipid membranes into the intracellular space. (Created with BioRender.com accessed on 29 March 2021).
