Figure 2.

The effect of fumonisin intoxication on basal blood morphology and blood serum biochemical analysis in pre-laying hens. (A) Basal morphology analysis; (B) blood serum concentration of total protein, glucose, uric acid, and cholesterol; (C) blood serum concentration of selected elements (K, P, Ca, Mg); (D) activity of creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 8 in each group). Significance was established for fumonisin-intoxicated groups versus the control group (no FB) using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s post-hoc test (normally distributed data) or a Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA with a Dunn’s post-hoc test (for pairwise comparisons with at least one non-normally distributed dataset); * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.