4-HNE	4-hydroxynonenal
8-OHdG	8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
AGE	advanced glycation end products
AHR	aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Cat	catalase
CKD	chronic kidney disease
CMPF	3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanopropionic acid
ERK ½	extracellular signal-regulated kinases
ESRD	end-stage renal disease
GFR	glomerular filtration rate
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
HDL	high density lipoproteins
H-NMR	proton nuclear magnetic resonance
IL-18	Interleukin-18
iNOS	nitric oxide synthase
IS	indoxyl sulfate
LDL	low density lipoproteins
LVH	left ventricular hypertrophy
MDA	malondialdehyde
O-GlcNAc	O-linked N-acetylglucosamine
PAA	phenylacetic acid
PC-Acro	protein conjugated acrolein
PCS	p-cresyl sulfate
RBC	red blood cells
RBP4	retinol-binding protein 4
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SOD1	superoxide dismutase
TBARS	thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor-β1
TMAO	trimethylamine-N-oxide
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α