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. 2021 May 30;13(6):1872. doi: 10.3390/nu13061872

Table 1.

PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Setting) criteria for inclusion of studies.

Parameter Description
Population Human trials in adults or elderly (≥18 years old)
Intervention Casein supplementation before sleep
Comparison Casein vs. control (placebo, carbohydrate, or water)
Outcome Metabolism or appetite
Setting (Study Design) Randomized control trial