Table 2.

Relationship of infant health problems to maternal mineral status [1,2,8,12,13,33,34,41,42,43,49,59,66,80,81,83,84,85,86,87,88,97,98,100,104,105,106,107,109,111,112,113,114,117,118,120,128,135,138,142,145,147].

Infant Outcome	Significant Evidence	Limited Evidence
ADD		Iodine [59]
ADHD	Iodine [66] R
Anemia	Iron [83,84,85,86,87,88]
Anencephaly		Copper [33] Iron [82]
Apgar Score	Magnesium [100] R	Zinc [138]
Asthma		Zinc [143]
Autism	Calcium [12,13] Iodine [41,42]	Iron [80] Molybdenum [120]
Birth Weight	Magnesium [104,105,106] Manganese [111,112,114]	Calcium [8] R Selenium [128] R Zinc [135,138]
Central Nervous System (CNS) Malformations		Copper [34]
Cerebral Palsy	Magnesium [109] R
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia		Selenium [128]
Dental Cavities		Calcium [8] R
Fetal Distress		Zinc [144]
Fetal Growth Restriction		Magnesium [111]
High Blood Pressure		Calcium [8] R
Hypothyroidism	Iodine [43] R, [49]
Impetigo		Zinc [150]
Infant Mortality		Iodine [54]
Intellectual Disability	Iodine [43,54,55,56,69] Manganese [117,118]
Intrauterine Growth Restriction		Selenium [128] R Zinc [138]
Long Delivery		Selenium [145]
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admissions		Calcium [8] R
Neural Tube Defects	Selenium [128] R
Orofacial Cleft		Iron [81] Magnesium [81]
Preterm Birth	Calcium [8] R Magnesium [97,98,104,105,106,107] Zinc [147] M, [138]	Manganese [113]
Rickets	Calcium [1,2]
Wheeze	Zinc [142] M

Table 2 demonstrates the significance of a mineral in conditions that can affect an infant. Substantial nutritional interference is regarding minerals that have two or more research articles that support the correlation, while possible nutritional interference only has one supporting research article.