Table 6.
Comparison of Likert Score According to Work Department.
| Likert Scale (Mean ± SD) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ED † (n = 263) | ICU ‡ (n = 21) | GW § (n = 23) | |||
| General | |||||
| The experience of COVID-19 will enable us to cope well with new infectious diseases in the future. | 3.92 ± 0.85 | 4.14 ± 0.73 | 3.96 ± 0.56 | 0.041 * | |
| COVID-19 pandemic is serious enough to change the emergency medical service system in the future. | 4.35 ± 0.69 | 4.62 ± 0.59 | 4.74 ± 0.45 | 0.016 * | ED < GW |
| The information of each hospital’s bed status or closure is available in real-time. | 3.33 ± 1.03 | 3.48 ± 0.98 | 3.22 ± 1.09 | 0.985 | |
| The disaster training is helpful in the COVID-19 pandemic response | 3.10 ± 1.05 | 4.17 ± 0.75 | 4.00 ± 0.82 | 0.394 | ED < ICU, GW |
| Changes in Work | |||||
| The duration of my work has got longer since the COVID-19 pandemic. | 3.62 ± 1.10 | 4.00 ± 0.78 | 3.65 ± 1.03 | 0.003 * | |
| The intensity of my work has changed since the COVID-19 pandemic. | 4.29 ± 0.82 | 4.57 ± 0.51 | 4.26 ± 0.69 | 0.027 * | |
| My work has changed since the COVID-19 pandemic. | 4.27 ± 0.76 | 4.48 ± 0.68 | 4.65 ± 0.49 | 0.198 | |
| Work Burden | |||||
| The long time to confirm the result of the COVID-19 PCR test | 4.43 ± 0.75 | 4.38 ± 0.67 | 4.17 ± 0.94 | 0.171 | |
| Increased fatigue due to wearing protective clothing during work | 4.45 ± 0.73 | 4.71 ± 0.56 | 4.57 ± 0.51 | 0.009 * | |
| Delay in patient treatment associated with the COVID-19 pandemic | 4.40 ± 0.70 | 4.71 ± 0.46 | 4.39 ± 0.72 | 0.009 * | |
| Treatment process is different from usual, and the working process is not familiar. | 4.10 ± 0.81 | 4.52 ± 0.60 | 4.43 ± 0.60 | 0.380 | ED < ICU, GW |
| Febrile, respiratory patient treatment guidelines are absent or frequently changed. | 4.29 ± 0.73 | 4.33 ± 0.66 | 4.39 ± 0.84 | 0.587 | |
| Risk of infection from contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients | 4.38 ± 0.69 | 4.81 ± 0.40 | 4.57 ± 0.59 | 0.000 * | ED < ICU |
| Lack of Resources | |||||
| Lack of beds for febrile, respiratory patients | 4.46 ± 0.62 | 4.19 ± 0.68 | 4.39 ± 0.50 | 0.261 | |
| Lack of personal protective equipment | 3.74 ± 1.01 | 4.62 ± 0.50 | 4.17 ± 0.94 | 0.002 * | ED < ICU |
| Lack of medical staff and assistants due to the operation of the COVID-19 care unit. | 4.49 ± 0.70 | 4.43 ± 0.81 | 4.35 ± 0.76 | 0.645 | |
| Personal Effect | |||||
| I make more effort to maintain a healthy lifestyle after the COVID-19 pandemic. | 3.34 ± 1.10 | 3.76 ± 1.10 | 3.91 ± 1.08 | 0.974 | |
| I used to be worried about COVID-19-like symptoms during work. | 3.55 ± 1.15 | 4.10 ± 1.26 | 4.13 ± 0.92 | 0.188 | |
| Working as frontline medical personnel has affected my family life. | 4.06 ± 0.91 | 4.48 ± 0.68 | 4.22 ± 0.74 | 0.659 | |
| I think I could be a threat to the safety of my family | 4.41 ± 0.67 | 4.71 ± 0.46 | 4.48 ± 0.59 | 0.050 | |
| Being frontline medical personnel has negatively affected my social and daily life. | 3.40 ± 1.11 | 4.05 ± 1.12 | 3.70 ± 1.19 | 0.851 | ED < ICU |
* p <0.05, † ED; Emergency Department, ‡ ICU; Intensive Care Unit, § GW; General Ward. All items were measured on a 5-point Likert scale (“1-strongly disagree”, “2-disagree”, “3-neither agree nor disagree”, “4-agree”, “5-strongly agree”).