ABR	prescribing rates for antibiotics
AMR	Antimicrobial resistance
ARIs	acute respiratory infections
ASPs	antimicrobial stewardship programs
AST	Antimicrobial stewardship team
CDC	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US
CDDEP	Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy
CPD	Continuous professional development
CST	culture and sensitivity testing
DTCs	Drug and Therapeutic Committees
ECDC	European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
4Es	Education, Engineering, Economics and Enforcement
GDP	Gross Domestic Product
GPP	Good Pharmacy Practice
HAIs	hospital-associated infections
HCPs	healthcare professionals
Hib	Haemophilus influenza type b
HIV	human immunodeficiency virus
ICU	intensive care unit
IDCPs	infectious diseases clinical pharmacists
IDCs	infectious diseases consultations
INRUD	International Network for Rational Use of Drugs
IPCs	Infection, Prevention and Control committees
IV	intravenous
LMICs	low- and middle-income countries
MDR	multidrug resistant
MDR-TB	multidrug-resistant TB
NAP	National Action Plans
NCDs	non-infectious communicable diseases
OECD	Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
OTC	over the counter
PHCs	primary healthcare centres
PPSs	point prevalence surveys
SA	South Africa
SAP	surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis
SSIs	surgical site infections
TB	tuberculosis
UK	United Kingdom
URIs	upper respiratory infections
URTIs	upper respiratory tract infections
US	United States of America
UTIs	urinary tract infections
WHO	World Health Organization
XDR-TB	extensive drug-resistant TB