Table 1.
Summary of bioactivity of actinobacterial strains isolated from the Atacama Desert.
| Sampling Site | Strain | Extremophilic Properties | Sample Type | Bioactivity | Compound | IC50 or MIC | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salar de Tara of the Atacama Desert, Chile | Streptomyces sp. DB634 | Polyextremophilic | Desert soil | Anti-inflammatory activity via human recombinant cyclic AMP (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE-4B2) inhibition | Abenquines A and D | IC50 Abenquines A: 4.6 ± 0.2 µM; Abenquines D: 4.2 ± 0.3 µM |
[69] |
| Salar de Tara of the Atacama Desert, Chile | Streptomyces sp. C34 | Polyextremophilic | Desert soil | Antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus (MRSA and MSSA) Antitumor activity—inhibition of Hsp90 |
ChaxamycinD Chaxmycins A–D |
MIC E. coli and S. aureus: <1.21 µg/mL IC50 N.A. a |
[76] |
| At a high-altitude location (>5000 m) in Atacama Desert | Lentzea sp. H45 | Polyextremophilic | Desert soil | Inhibition of HIV-integrase | Lentzeosides A–F | IC50 Lentzeoside A > 100 µM; Lentzeoside B > 100 µM; Lentzeoside C: 21 µM; Lentzeoside D: 16 µM; Lentzeoside E: 21 µM; Lentzeoside F > 100 µM |
[78] |
| Saudi Arabian desert | Streptomyces sp. DA3-7 | Thermotolerant (proposed) | Desert soil | Antibacterial activity against: E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis, K. pneumoniae Antifungal activity against: C. albicans S. cerevisiae C. neoformans |
Pyridine-2,5-diacetamide | MIC E. coli: 31.25 μg/mL; S. typhimurium, S. aureus, P. vulagris, P. aeruginosa, and E. faecalis: 62.5 μg/mL; K. pneumoniae: 125 μg/mL; C. neoformans: 31.25 μg/mL; C. albicans and S. cerevisiae: 62.5 μg/mL |
[80] |
a Not available.