Stakeholder	Harms Associated with the Action/Decision	Benefits Associated with the Action/Decision
1. Horses	Being kept stabled restricts the freedom to express normal behaviours and to move normally, and may result in stereotypic behaviours/‘stable vices’. Being kept stabled is associated with an increased incidence of some diseases, e.g., respiratory disease; colic; thrush. Daily turn out may cause injuries, e.g., through entanglement in fencing, uncontrolled exercise or interaction with other horses. Weather conditions, e.g., excessive heat or rain may result in discomfort during turnout. Insects can irritate horses and can be associated with disease, e.g., insect born diseases or allergic skin diseases. Turnout is often associated with access to pasture and this may be contraindicated in some horses, e.g., those prone to laminitis. Individual horses who are not used to being turned out may find it stressful–acclimatisation is necessary.	Daily turnout facilitates expression of normal behaviours and freedom of movement. Daily turnout may help to reduce the risk of orthopaedic injury during training and competition by keeping animals supple and building muscle strength and co-ordination
2. Owners	Variable financial impact of keeping horses stabled versus stabled plus daily turnout. Being kept stabled may result in increased veterinary costs for issues such as respiratory disease. Daily turnout could increase veterinary costs IF more injuries resulted. IF more injuries resulted from turnout then the competitive career and value of horse could be negatively affected. In some parts of the world it is difficult to provide suitable turn out during very wet winters. If weather conditions are inclement horse may be more prone to conditions such as ‘mud fever’, resulting in increased veterinary costs Owners may feel that regulation requiring daily turnout of horses is ‘interference’ in their autonomous right to look after their property as they see fit.	Horses may be less stressed as a result of daily turnout, with positive effects, e.g., reduction in gastric ulceration (which reduces veterinary costs and improves competitive performance). IF daily turnout is associated with a protective effect against orthopaedic injury/disease then the competitive career and value of horse could be positively affected. Owners may ‘feel good’ about their horses having the freedom to exhibit more natural behaviours.
3. Grooms	Horses which are turned out daily are likely to need more grooming; increased work associated with wet rugs and leading horses to and from fields, supplying feed in field, etc.	Less time stabled may reduce workload of mucking out. Grooms may ‘feel good’ about their horses having the freedom to exhibit more natural behaviours Horses may be easier to handle if they have time to exercise freely
4. Rider	Having horses turned out may be less convenient and more time consuming than having them readily accessible in a stable.	Horses who have been relaxing and moving around during turnout may be more easily trainable and require less warm up time than those who are always kept stabled.
5. Public with an interest in animal welfare		Interested in animals’ freedoms to express normal behaviours being protected. May feel that voluntary adoption of good practice is insufficient and that legislation is necessary to safeguard animal welfare.
6. Policy makers (government)	Government may have an ideological objection to ‘interfering’ in animal owners’ autonomous decision making processes. Legislation may not necessarily be the most effective means of effecting desirable changes in equine management processes. Legislation is only effective if enforced, which requires financial commitment.	Animal welfare is generally a vote winning (or losing) issue in some countries. Governments may thus have a pragmatic interest in visibly driving national animal welfare laws which reflect public attitudes towards animal welfare. Governments may have an ideological commitment to safeguarding animal welfare.
Etc.