Table 2.
Gene Mutation and Transgenic Animal Models [84].
| Methods | Genes |
|---|---|
| Knockout | Fhit-Vhl [85] |
| Knock-in | K-rasG12D [83,86] |
| Promotors | |
| keratin | papillomavirus-16 E6/E7 [87] |
| surfactant protein C | simian virus large T antigen [88], c-myc, epidermal growth factor [89], Ron, Raf-1, p53 [90,91] |
| Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) | simian virus large T antigen [92] |
| calcitonin gene-related peptide | |
| Reverse tetracycline transactivator inducible system | CCSP-rtTA/Tet-Op-FGF7 [93] |
| CCSP-rtTA/Tet-Op-K-ras4G12D [94] | |
| Conditional cre/loxP | Lox-STOP-Lox-K-rasG12D [95] |
| Compound conditional models | conditional activation of Kras2 with conditional inactivation of Rb or p53 by cre/loxP [96] |
| conditional knock-in of LSL-K-ras G12D and LSL-p53R270H [97] |