Table 4.

Data-driven FDD application examples in energy conversion subsystem.

Ref.	Faulty Event	Meas. Signal	Feat. Sel./Extr.	Algorithm	Data Source
[94]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	Wavelet	SVM	Simu.
[96]	OC	$v_{\mathrm{abc}}$	FFT and PCA	Bayessian Net.	Simu. and Test-bench
[100]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	-	Ensemble method	Simu.
[95]	OC and SC	$v_{\mathrm{abc}}$, $i_{\mathrm{abc}}$ and $T_{\mathrm{em}}$	t-domain	ANN	Simu.
[93]	OC	$v_{\mathrm{abc}}$, $i_{\mathrm{abc}}$ and $T_{\mathrm{em}}$	t-domain	ANN	Simu. and Test-bench
[101]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$ and Clark i	t and f-domain	ANN	Test-bench
[102]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	Wavelet	SVM	Simu.
[103]	OC and SC	Gate sig.	-	KPCA	Test-bench
[97]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	Image converter	CNN	Simu.
[98]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	-	DWNN and DSVM	Simu.
[99]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$ and Gate sig.	-	SRWNN and SVM	Simu. and Test-bench
[104]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	t-domain	Random Forest	Test-bench
[105]	OC	$v_{\mathrm{abc}}$	-	CNN	Simu.
[106]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	t and f-domain	ANN	Simu. and Test-bench
[107]	OC	$i_{\mathrm{abc}}$	FFT and ReliefF	ANN	Simu.