Table 4.
Metal Oxide | Precursor | Polymer | Solvent | Diameter, nm |
---|---|---|---|---|
SnO2 | SnCl2·2H2O | PVA | Water:1-propanol:isopropanol | 80–400 |
Tin (IV) acetate | PVAc | DMF | ||
SnCl2·2H2O | PVP; PAN; PVB | DMF or DMF:ethanol | ||
SnCl4·5H2O | PVA; | DI water | ||
In2O3 | In(NO3)3·xH2O | PVP | DMF or DMF:ethanol = 1:1 | 40–300 |
InCl3·4H2O | DMF | |||
TiO2 | TTIP | PVP | Acetic acid:ethanol | 30–500 |
TTB | DMF:ethanol | |||
ZrO2 | Zr(AC) | PVAc | DMF | 200 |
CeO2 | (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 | PVP | Water:ethanol | 50–1000 |
Ce(acac)3 | Acetone | |||
Ce(NO3)3 | PVA | Water:ethanol | ||
Ce(CH3COO)3 | PEO | Water | ||
ZnO | Zn(AC)2·H2O | PVP | Ethanol | 50–250 |
PS-co-acrylics | DMSO | |||
PVP | DMF | |||
WO3 | WCl6 | PVP | DMF:ethanol | 20–250 |
(NH4)6[H2W12O40]nH2O | Water | |||
H2WO4 + H2O2 | Ethanol | |||
Co3O4 | Co(NO3)2·6H2O | PVP | DMF:ethanol = 1:1 | 100–200 |
CuO | Cu(CH3COO)2 | PVP | Ethanol | 70–1400 |
Cu(CH3COO)2 | PVA | Water |
DMF—dimethylformamide; DMSO—dimethyl sulfoxide; (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6—ceric ammonium nitrate; PS-co-acrylics—poly(styrene–co-acrylonitrile); TTIP—titanium tetraisopropoxide; TTB—titanium tetrabutoxide; Zn(AC)2·H2O—Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O—zinc acetate; Zr(AC)—Zr(C8H12O8)—zirconium acetate.