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. 2021 Jun 11;13(12):1951. doi: 10.3390/polym13121951

Table 1.

Summary of optimized processing parameters from past studies.

Year Matrix Material form Process Heat Source Nip Point Temperature (°C) Line Speed (mm/s) Compaction Force/Pressure Other Processing Parameters Physical and Mechanical Properties Studied Ref.
2017 PA6 Aramid/PA6 commingled yarns FW Hot gas torch 320 10 190 N Preheating of yarns to 330 °C Void content, SBS strength, flexural modulus [36]
2019 PA6 Carbon/PA6 prepreg tapes AFP NIR diode laser 260 100 130 N Wedge peel strength [53]
2019 PA6 Carbon/PA6 prepreg tapes FW Laser 280 (hoop layer), 300 (axial layer) 105 (hoop layer), 50 (axial layer) 0.3 MPa Void content, compression modulus, implosion strength (for composite tube) [6]
1993 PA12 Glass/PA12 powder impregnated fibers FW Hot gas torch 360 25 157 N IR preheating of fibers at power 9.6 kW, mandrel temperature 100 °C Interlaminar shear, fracture toughness (from DCB tests) [47]
2016 PP E-glass/PP commingled yarns FW Ultrasonic welding 223 52.5 85 N (applied at sonotrode) Compaction roller located 45 mm from the sonotrode Void content, shear modulus [35]
2017 PP E-glass/PP prepreg tapes AFP Ultrasonic welding 260 1 0.15 MPa (applied at compaction roller) Ultrasonic amplitude 3 µm, frequency 40 kHz SBS strength, fracture toughness (from DCB tests), impact toughness [56]
2011 PP Glass/PP commingled fibers FW Hot gas torch 125 42 54 N Preheating of fibers to 195 °C Flexural modulus and strength, Charpy impact toughness [116]
2013 PPS Carbon/PPS prepreg tapes AFP Laser 480 125 450 N Laser power 1700 W Fracture toughness (using mandrel peel test) [41]
1995 PEI Carbon/PEI powder impregnated fibers FW IR spot heater 960 80 Nil Fiber tension 5 N per 1000 filaments, mandrel temperature 150 °C Void content [49]
1996 PEEK AS4 carbon/PEEK prepreg tapes FW CO2 laser 475 15 13.8 MPa Laser power 50 W SBS strength, fracture toughness (from DCB tests), wedge peel force [42]
2015 PEEK AS4 carbon/PEEK prepreg tapes AFP NIR diode laser 500 100 500 N Laser power 920 W SBS strength [52]
2019 PEEK Carbon/PEEK prepreg tapes AFP NIR diode laser 485 100 0.34 MPa (for 1st ply), 0.46 MPa (for plies 2–7) Laser power up to 4 kW Lap shear strength [117]