Table 1.
Population | FGF23 Analyte | Type of Study | Main Finding | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Two independent cohorts of elderlies (964 and 946 subjects) | iFGF23 | Cross-sectional | FGF23 was associated with markers of obesity, MS, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index. | [21] |
68 adolescents with simply obesity | iFGF23 | Cross-sectional | FGF23 negatively correlated with HOMA-IR and fasting insulin level. | [22] |
72 patients with CKD stages 3–5 | cFGF23 | Cross-sectional | FGF23 positively correlated with HOMA-IR and with the number of MS components. IR constituted a risk factor for greater log cFGF23 levels. | [24] |
1040 community-dwelling adults | cFGF23 | Cross-sectional community-based | Diabetes was prevalent in higher tertiles of FGF23. FGF23 correlated with HOMA-IR and markers of obesity and inflammation in subjects with preserved renal function. | [26] |
604 patients with CKD stages 2–4 | cFGF23 | Cross-sectional | Positive association between the presence of diabetes and serum FGF23 levels. | [27] |
780 healthy older men (>60 years) | cFGF23 | Cross-sectional | Elevated FGF23 was associated with diabetes. | [28] |
1719 normoglycemic participants, 312 with a first degree FHD | iFGF23 | Cross-sectional | Subjects with first-degree FHD presented higher levels of FGF23 accompanied by increases in serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR values. | [29] |
3756 patients with mild to moderate CKD | cFGF23 | Multicenter cross-sectional | Patients with diabetes had increased FGF23 levels and presented an earlier onset of FGF23 excess. | [30] |
133 patients with CVD | iFGF23 and cFGF23 | Cross-sectional | Diabetes was more prevalent in the higher tertiles of both iFGF23 and cFGF23 determinations. | [31] |
39 prediabetes obese patients and 41 age- and BMI-matched normoglycemic group | iFGF23 | Case/control | FGF23 was higher in patients with prediabetes and IR. | [33] |
10 obese individuals with T2DM, 10 glucose-tolerant obese healthy individuals, and 10 lean subjects. | iFGF23 | Case/control | After euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp, only subjects with DM presented a significant increase in serum FGF23 levels, which correlated with insulin variation. | [34] |
314 non-CKD obese subjects | cFGF23 | Cross-sectional | FGF23 and HOMA-IR levels were positively correlated. | [37] |
FGF23, fibroblast growth factor 23; MS, metabolic syndrome; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IR, insulin resistance; CKD, chronic kidney disease; FHD, family history of diabetes; DM, diabetes mellitus; CVD, cardiovascular disease.