Table 3.

Bulk density, carbon content, and carbon storage in each soil layer in vineyards.

Vineyards	Soil Layer (cm)	Bulk Density (g/cm3)	Carbon Content (g/kg)	Carbon Storage (t·hm−2)	Carbon Storage as a Percentage (%)
Cabernet Sauvignon	0–20	1.10 ± 0.04 d	6.81 ± 0.69 a	15.03 ± 1.47 a	34.87
	20–40	1.20 ± 0.05 c	4.72 ± 0.82 b	11.35 ± 2.14 b	26.32
	40–60	1.27 ± 0.05 b	3.03 ± 0.51 c	7.74 ± 1.50 c	17.96
	60–100	1.33 ± 0.05 a	1.68 ± 0.55 d	8.99 ± 3.20 c	20.86
Merlot	0–20	1.08 ± 0.04 d	5.82 ± 0.55 a	12.56 ± 1.28 a	30.95
	20–40	1.18 ± 0.03 c	4.59 ± 0.62 b	10.83 ± 1.41 b	26.68
	40–60	1.24 ± 0.04 b	3.55 ± 0.50 c	8.78 ± 1.26 c	21.63
	60–100	1.34 ± 0.04 a	1.56 ± 0.43 d	8.41 ± 2.47 c	20.72
Chardonnay	0–20	1.04 ± 0.03 d	5.70 ± 0.49 a	11.86 ± 1.13 a	32.31
	20–40	1.16 ± 0.06 c	4.39 ± 0.97 b	10.16 ± 2.27 b	27.67
	40–60	1.24 ± 0.06 b	3.01 ± 0.96 c	7.47 ± 1.76 c	20.35
	60–100	1.32 ± 0.08 a	1.38 ± 0.38 d	7.22 ± 1.84 c	19.67
Italian Riesling	0–20	1.06 ± 0.04 a	5.83 ± 0.64 a	12.38 ± 1.36 a	35.69
	20–40	1.15 ± 0.06 a	3.62 ± 0.52 b	8.37 ± 1.42 b	24.13
	40–60	1.34 ± 0.23 b	2.64 ± 0.53 c	7.20 ± 2.62 b	20.75
	60–100	1.34 ± 0.04 b	1.26 ± 0.29 d	6.74 ± 1.50 b	19.43

Note: The letters after the data indicate significance of the difference of multiple comparisons. Data are means ± standard deviation (SD), n = 10.