Figure 5.

Isolation of patient-derived ONPs coupled to label-free microscopy offers relevant translational outcomes. (A) Schematic drawing of the high-throughput screening platform to study different antioxidant molecules. (B) Cultured ONPs isolated from control patient-derived neurospheres were analyzed by label-free microscopy, using fluorescence hyperspectral analysis and the intensity of different intrinsic fluorophores was determined [187]. These fluorophores included: bound flavins, fluorescent retinoid derivative bis-retinoid N-retinylidene-N-retinyl ethanolamine (A2E), protein-bound NADH (bound NADH), free NADH, and lipofuscin. The original images from the publication of Gosnell et al. [187] (Figure 2) were adapted (cropped) with permission, following the guidelines of the creative commons license (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ). (C) Analysis of intrinsic fluorophores such as protein-bound NADH or free NADH could provide relevant translational outcomes such detecting oxidative/metabolic signatures for early AD diagnosis and monitoring. In addition, those the subtle molecular profiling could settle the base for development of personalized therapies to treat AD. Created with BioRender.com.