Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 2;8(6):ofab169. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab169

Table 5.

Univariate Cox Regression Analysis for Variables Associated With 30-Day Mortality and Independent Predictors of 30-Day Mortality Determined by Multivariable Cox Regression Analysis in ICU Patients (n = 368)a

Univariate Multivariable
Variable HR 95% CI P Value HR 95% CI P Value
Age ≥80 y 5.49 2.31–13.03 <.001 6.75 2.60–17.50 <.001
Male sex 0.71 0.30–1.72 .452 - - -
Influenza vaccine 1.00 0.41–2.40 .992 - - -
Pneumococcal vaccine 0.58 0.13–2.47 .457 - - -
Previous inhaled corticosteroids 2.17 0.90–5.24 .084 - - -
Previous systemic corticosteroids 2.20 0.51–9.43 .290 - - -
Antibiotic use in the last week 1.46 0.57–3.76 .435 - - -
Chronic respiratory disease 2.32 0.96–5.60 .061 2.61 1.08–6.33 .033
Chronic cardiac disease 2.58 1.00–6.65 .050 - - -
Chronic renal disease 3.66 1.23–10.88 .020 - - -
Chronic liver disease 3.46 1.02–11.75 .047 8.53 2.18–33.48 .002
Diabetes mellitus 1.00 0.36–2.72 .993 - - -
Chronic neurologic disease 1.89 0.69–5.15 .216 - - -
Previous pneumonia 0.77 0.18–3.32 .729 - - -
Nursing home resident 1.75 0.41–7.53 .450 - - -
Fever 1.27 0.47–3.48 .637 - - -
Deterioration in sensorium 1.43 0.56–3.70 .456 - - -
C-reactive protein ≥15 mg/dL 0.54 0.23–1.27 .157 - - -
Lymphopenia (<724 lymphocytes/mm3) 2.30 0.95–5.55 .064 2.57 1.06–6.24 .037
Pleural effusion 1.32 0.48–3.61 .586 - - -
Acute respiratory distress syndrome 1.15 0.34–3.90 .825 - - -
Acute renal failure 3.66 1.48–9.06 .005 3.52 1.38–8.95 .008
Appropriate empiric antibiotic treatment 1.62 0.22–12.08 .637 - - -
Streptococcus pneumoniae 1.32 0.51–3.41 .562 - - -
Respiratory virus 0.36 0.05–2.70 .322 - - -

Data are shown as estimated HRs (95% CIs) of the explanatory variables in the 30-day mortality group. The HR is defined as the ratio of the hazard rates corresponding to the conditions described by 2 levels of an explanatory variable (the hazard rate is the risk of death [ie, the probability of death], given that the patient has survived up to a specific time). The P value is based on the null hypothesis that all HRs relating to an explanatory variable equal unity (no effect).

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; ICU, intensive care unit.

aExcluded 187 patients with septic shock, 11 patients with missing data regarding septic shock, 30 patients who had do-not-resuscitate orders, and 27 with missing data regarding a do-not-resuscitate order.