FIG 1.
Biosynthesis and classification of lanthipeptides. (A) Generalized scheme of lanthipeptide biosynthesis (precursor peptide made up of leader and core peptides). (B and C) Four main classes of synthetases (B) and additional modification enzymes (C) involved in PTM of lanthipeptides. (D) Sequence similarity network of lanthipeptide core peptides generated with the Enzyme Function Initiative-Enzyme Similarity Tool (EST-EFI [https://efi.igb.illinois.edu/efi-est/]) (E value cutoff, 10−3) and visualized in Cytoscape (v.3.8.0). Abbreviations: LanN, lysinoalanine synthase; LanD, flavin-containing Cys decarboxylase; LanJA/B, dehydrogenase (A indicates Zn2+ dependent and B indicates flavin dependent); LanO, oxidoreductase; PaeN, acetylation (paenibacillin); CinX, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG)/iron(II)-dependent hydroxylase (cinnamycin); GarO, flavin-dependent monooxygenase (actagardine); MibO, hydroxylase (microbisporicin); MibH, Trp halogenase (microbisporicin); and Zn-BM, zinc binding motif.