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. 2021 Jun 12;10(6):952. doi: 10.3390/antiox10060952

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of H₂O₂ on translation elongation. In yeast, eIE1A and eIE1B can be modified by protein S-thiolation in response to high concentrations of H₂O₂. Increase in the methylation in the wobble base 5-methyl-C (m⁵c) at position C34 of tRNA ^LEU(CAA) in response to H₂O₂ enhances the efficiency of translation of genes enriched in the UUG codon (as RPL22A and RPL22B) and causes a change in ribosome composition.