TABLE 3.
Associations Between Patient Factors and QoL Among Regional Victorian Ostomy Association Members
| Patient factor | Number (row percentage) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowest QoLa | Lower QoLa | Middle QoLa | Higher QoLa | Highest QoLa | UOR (95% CI) | MOR (95% CI)b | |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male (n = 170) | 32 (19%) | 37 (22%) | 36 (21%) | 34 (20%) | 31 (18%) | 1 | 1 |
| Female (n = 113) | 25 (22%) | 21 (19%) | 20 (18%) | 22 (19%) | 25 (22%) | 1.05 [0.69, 1.60] | 1.18 [0.73, 1.91] |
| Age (years), median (Q1–Q3) [n = 283] | 70 (62–78) | 73 (67–81) | 75 (68–81) | 74 (68–80) | 72 (65–81) | 1.02 [0.998, 1.04] | 1.03 [1.01, 1.06] |
| Stoma duration (weeks), median (Q1–Q3) [n = 281] | 63 (34–156) | 72 (22–120) | 60 (24–144) | 84 (35–183) | 127 (29–204) | 1.001 [1.001, 1.003] | — |
| Ethnicity other than Australian | |||||||
| Australian (n = 246) | 53 (22%) | 49 (20%) | 48 (20%) | 46 (19%) | 50 (20%) | 1 | — |
| Other than Australian (n = 36) | 5 (14%) | 9 (25%) | 6 (17%) | 9 (25%) | 7 (19%) | 1.19 [0.64, 2.22] | — |
| Marital status after stoma surgery | |||||||
| Married (n = 169) | 26 (15%) | 37 (22%) | 34 (20%) | 35 (21%) | 37 (22%) | 1 | — |
| Unmarried (n = 110) | 31 (28%) | 20 (18%) | 21 (19%) | 20 (18%) | 18 (16%) | 0.64 [0.41, 0.98] | — |
| Working full or part time | |||||||
| No (n = 210) | 44 (21%) | 47 (22%) | 40 (19%) | 42 (20%) | 37 (18%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 60) | 11 (18%) | 9 (15%) | 13 (22%) | 9 (15%) | 18 (30%) | 1.00 [0.60, 1.66] | 2.01 [1.08, 3.74] |
| Bowel cancer | |||||||
| No (n = 132) | 33 (25%) | 23 (17%) | 24 (18%) | 25 (19%) | 27 (21%) | 1 | — |
| Yes (n = 147) | 24 (16%) | 33 (22%) | 29 (20%) | 31 (21%) | 30 (20%) | 1.20 [0.79, 1.82] | — |
| Temporary stoma | |||||||
| No (n = 253) | 50 (20%) | 49 (19%) | 50 (20%) | 53 (21%) | 51 (20%) | 1 | — |
| Yes (n = 28) | 8 (29%) | 8 (29%) | 4 (14%) | 3 (11%) | 5 (18%) | 0.58 [0.29, 1.17] | — |
| Obesity post stoma | |||||||
| No (n = 167) | 26 (16%) | 36 (22%) | 31 (19%) | 36 (22%) | 38 (23%) | 1 | — |
| Yes (n = 96) | 28 (29%) | 17 (18%) | 17 (18%) | 18 (19%) | 16 (17%) | 0.61 [0.39, 0.96] | — |
| Sexually active post stoma | |||||||
| Not sexually active (n = 198) | 50 (25%) | 43 (22%) | 34 (17%) | 37 (19%) | 34 (17%) | 1 | 1 |
| Sexually active (n = 71) | 8 (11%) | 11 (15%) | 17 (24%) | 15 (21%) | 20 (28%) | 2.05 [1.26, 3.34] | 1.83 [1.05, 3.18] |
| Depressed post stoma | |||||||
| No (n = 167) | 13 (8%) | 31 (19%) | 36 (22%) | 39 (23%) | 48 (29%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 113) | 43 (38%) | 27 (24%) | 19 (17%) | 16 (14%) | 8 (7%) | 0.20 [0.13, 0.32] | 0.24 [0.14, 0.40] |
| Stoma location issue | |||||||
| No (n = 182) | 18 (10%) | 35 (19%) | 36 (20%) | 42 (23%) | 51 (28%) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (n = 99) | 40 (40%) | 22 (22%) | 19 (19%) | 13 (13%) | 5 (5%) | 0.20 [0.13, 0.32] | 0.38 [0.22, 0.66] |
| No clothing changed post stoma | |||||||
| Change (n = 158) | 46 (29%) | 37 (23%) | 34 (22%) | 23 (15%) | 18 (11%) | 1 | 1 |
| No change (n = 122) | 11 (9%) | 20 (16%) | 21 (17%) | 33 (27%) | 37 (30%) | 3.59 [2.31, 5.58] | 1.89 [1.13, 3.16] |
| Time for daily stoma carec | |||||||
| 1–10 minutes (n = 130) | 24 (18%) | 23 (18%) | 22 (17%) | 22 (17%) | 39 (30%) | 1 | — |
| 11–25 minutes (n = 62) | 12 (19%) | 11 (18%) | 12 (19%) | 22 (35%) | 5 (8%) | 0.70 [0.41, 1.20] | — |
| 26+ minutes (n = 66) | 17 (26%) | 20 (30%) | 15 (23%) | 6 (9%) | 8 (12%) | 0.41 [0.24, 0.70] | — |
Note. QoL = quality of life; UOR = univariable odds ratio; MOR = multivariable odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; Q1 = lower quartile (25th percentile); Q3 = upper quartile (75th percentile).
aThe total QoL score from the City of Hope Quality of Life Questionnaire for a Patient With an Ostomy was divided into quintiles: highest (>8.32), higher (7.30–8.32, inclusive), middle (6.44–7.29, inclusive), lower (5.38–6.43, inclusive), and lowest (<5.38).
bEffect estimates adjusted for all other variables in the model. The n for the multivariable model is 246.
cCompared with a reference group of “1–10 minutes.”