Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population based on the type of arrhythmia.
| Total | AT | AFL | PAF | PeAF | LsPeAF | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n) | 683 | 127 | 61 | 116 | 260 | 119 | |
| Patient (n) | 466 | 62 | 43 | 90 | 182 | 89 | |
| Age (years) | 60 ± 11 | 58 ± 11 | 59 ± 11 | 59 ± 12 | 59 ± 10 | 61 ± 10 | 0.302 |
| Sex, male (%) | 376 (81) | 101 (80) | 53 (87) | 84 (72) | 228 (88) | 97 (82) | 0.005 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25 ± 3 | 25 ± 3 | 26 ± 4 | 25 ± 3 | 26 ± 3 | 26 ± 3 | 0.52 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 0.56 |
| Hypertension (%) | 157 (34) | 53 (42) | 25 (41) | 42 (36) | 70 (27) | 29 (24) | 0.005 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 41 (9) | 12 (9) | 6 (10) | 11 (10) | 16 (6) | 11 (9) | 0.671 |
| Thyroid disease (%) | 37 (8) | 15 (12) | 6 (10) | 9 (8) | 21 (8) | 9 (8) | 0.722 |
| Chronic lung disease (%) | 7 (2) | 2 (2) | 0 | 1 (1) | 6 (2) | 2 (2) | 0.697 |
| Valvular disease (%) | 27 (6) | 8 (6) | 5 (8) | 8 (7) | 12 (5) | 3 (3) | 0.412 |
| Chronic kidney disease (%) | 10 (2) | 1 (1) | 3 (5) | 2 (2) | 6 (2) | 2 (2) | 0.443 |
| Cerebrovascular accident (%) | 28 (6) | 5 (4) | 2 (3) | 5 (4) | 12 (5) | 11 (9) | 0.263 |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 14 (3) | 6 (5) | 3 (5) | 4 (3) | 8 (3) | 5 (4) | 0.915 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||||||
| LAD (mm) | 45 ± 8 | 43 ± 11 | 44 ± 6 | 45 ± 6 | 45 ± 9 | 47 ± 6 | 0.004 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 96 ± 25 | 96 ± 29 | 104 ± 32 | 96 ± 27 | 95 ± 23 | 93 ± 18 | 0.081 |
| LV EF (%) | 52 ± 9 | 52 ± 10 | 51 ± 9 | 52 ± 9 | 54 ± 6 | 0.097 | |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD. AT—atrial tachycardia; AFL—atrial flutter; PAF—paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; PeAF—persistent atrial fibrillation; LsPeAF—long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation; BMI—body mass index; BSA—body surface area; LAD—left atrial diameter; LVMI—left ventricular mass index; LV EF—left ventricular ejection fraction.