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. 2021 Jun 14;13(12):1964. doi: 10.3390/polym13121964

Figure 14.

Figure 14

Mechanisms of oxidation reactions on phenol formaldehyde (PF) after Conley [13]: (a) primary photo-oxidation reactions: oxidation at a methylene linkage resulting in the formation of carbonyl groups; (b) secondary photo-oxidation reactions: formation of quinone-type structures; and (c) oxidation of methylol groups and formation of acidic moieties.