Table 1.
Participants’ demographic information, a major source of information and acceptance.
| Demographic Items | Unmatched | Matched | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | United States | p-Value | China | United States | p-Value | |
| Sample size, n | 5374 | 3701 | 1240 | 1240 | ||
| Sex (%) | 0.003 | 1.00 | ||||
| Male | 2385 (44.4%) | 1765 (47.7%) | 534 (43.1%) | 535 (43.1%) | ||
| Female | 2971 (55.3%) | 1918 (51.8%) | 706 (56.9%) | 705 (56.9%) | ||
| Other | 18 (0.3%) | 18 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Age interval in years (%) | ||||||
| 18–25 | 1119 (20.8%) | 501 (13.5%) | <0.001 | 164 (13.2%) | 162 (13.1%) | 1.00 |
| 26–30 | 759 (14.1%) | 762 (20.6%) | 235 (19.0%) | 234 (18.9%) | ||
| 31–35 | 697 (13.0%) | 750 (20.3%) | 244 (19.7%) | 251 (20.2%) | ||
| 36–40 | 488 (9.1%) | 505 (13.6%) | 152 (12.3%) | 152 (12.3%) | ||
| 41–45 | 514 (9.6%) | 368 (9.9%) | 139 (11.2%) | 136 (11.0%) | ||
| 46–50 | 630 (11.7%) | 241 (6.5%) | 105 (8.5%) | 103 (8.3%) | ||
| 51–55 | 429 (8.0%) | 174 (4.7%) | 89 (7.2%) | 84 (6.8%) | ||
| 56–60 | 347 (6.5%) | 154 (4.2%) | 60 (4.8%) | 60 (4.8%) | ||
| Above 60 | 391 (7.3%) | 246 (6.6%) | 52 (4.2%) | 58 (4.7%) | ||
| Highest educational level (%) | ||||||
| Pre-primary education or primary school education | 399 (7.4%) | 2 (0.1%) | <0.001 | Non-postgraduate 1221 (98.5%) |
Non- postgraduate 1222 (98.5%) |
0.87 |
| Middle school education | 591 (11.0%) | 15 (0.4%) | ||||
| High school education | 933 (17.4%) | 675 (18.2%) | ||||
| Vocational school education | 887 (16.5%) | 508 (13.7%) | ||||
| Bachelor’s degree | 2021 (37.6%) | 1710 (46.2%) | ||||
| Master’s degree | 422 (7.9%) | 711 (19.2%) | ||||
| PhD degree | 121 (2.3%) | 80 (2.2%) | 19 (1.5%) | 18 (1.5%) | ||
| Occupation and working area (%) | ||||||
| Students | 1230 (22.9%) | 249 (6.7%) | <0.001 | 139 (11.2%) | 132 (10.6%) | 1.00 |
| Managers | 681 (12.7%) | 541 (14.6%) | 178 (14.4%) | 174 (14.0%) | ||
| Professionals | 768 (14.3%) | 993 (26.8%) | 250 (20.2%) | 250 (20.2%) | ||
| Technicians and associate professionals | 795 (14.8%) | 423 (11.4%) | 148 (11.9%) | 157 (12.7%) | ||
| Clerical support workers | 230 (4.3%) | 318 (8.6%) | 121 (9.8%) | 122 (9.8%) | ||
| Service and sales workers | 515 (9.6%) | 453 (12.2%) | 185 (14.9%) | 188 (15.2%) | ||
| Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers | 373 (6.9%) | 43 (1.2%) | 14 (1.1%) | 14 (1.1%) | ||
| Craft and related trade workers | 121 (2.3%) | 78 (2.1%) | 27 (2.2%) | 28 (2.3%) | ||
| Plant and machine operators and assemblers | 184 (3.4%) | 32 (0.9%) | 11 (0.9%) | 11 (0.9%) | ||
| Elementary occupations | 133 (2.5%) | 75 (2.0%) | 16 (1.3%) | 14 (1.1%) | ||
| Armed forces occupations | 73 (1.4%) | 19 (0.5%) | 6 (0.5%) | 4 (0.3%) | ||
| Other | 271 (5.0%) | 477 (12.9%) | 145 (11.7%) | 146 (11.8%) | ||
| Annual salary level (%) | ||||||
| Under USD 10,000 | 2254 (48.0%) | 398 (11.0%) | <0.001 | 335 (27.0%) | 333 (26.9%) | 1.00 |
| USD 10,001–20000 | 1225 (26.1%) | 382 (10.6%) | 257 (20.7%) | 259 (20.9%) | ||
| USD 20,001–30,000 | 561 (12.0%) | 481 (13.3%) | 236 (19.0%) | 236 (19.0%) | ||
| USD 30,001–40,000 | 296 (6.3%) | 472 (13.1%) | 192 (15.5%) | 193 (15.6%) | ||
| USD 40,001–50,000 | 163 (3.5%) | 456 (12.6%) | 91 (7.3%) | 92 (7.4%) | ||
| USD 50,001–60,000 | 55 (1.2%) | 464 (12.8%) | 41 (3.3%) | 40 (3.2%) | ||
| USD 60,001–70,000 | 46 (1.0%) | 331 (9.2%) | 23 (1.9%) | 24 (1.9%) | ||
| Above USD 70,000 | 94 (2.0%) | 630 (17.4%) | 65 (5.2%) | 63 (5.1%) | ||
| Acceptance of vaccination (totally unwilling, 0–totally willing, 10) | ||||||
| Average | 7.8 (2.5) | 7.2 (3.5) | <0.001 | 7.8 (2.4) | 6.9 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Acceptance of vaccination if someone else recommends (totally unwilling, 0–totally willing, 10) | ||||||
| Average | 7.8 (2.5) | 7.2 (3.3) | <0.001 | 7.8 (2.3) | 6.9 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Ever been infected with COVID-19? (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 56 (1.0%) | 569 (15.4%) | <0.001 | 21 (1.7%) | 194 (15.6%) | <0.001 |
| No | 5243 (97.6%) | 3102 (83.8%) | 1196 (96.5%) | 1033 (83.3%) | ||
| Not answered | 75 (1.4%) | 30 (0.8%) | 23 (1.9%) | 13 (1.0%) | ||
| Friend family or community ever infected? (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 149 (2.8%) | 2575 (69.6%) | <0.001 | 47 (3.8%) | 815 (65.7%) | <0.001 |
| No | 5110 (95.1%) | 1096 (29.6%) | 1156 (93.2%) | 415 (33.5%) | ||
| Not answered | 115 (2.1%) | 30 (0.8%) | 37 (3.0%) | 10 (0.8%) | ||
| Marital state (%) | ||||||
| Single | 1830 (34.1%) | 1391 (37.6%) | <0.001 | 372 (30.0%) | 522 (42.1%) | <0.001 |
| Married | 3107 (57.8%) | 1905 (51.5%) | 739 (59.6%) | 577 (46.5%) | ||
| Divorced | 185 (3.4%) | 273 (7.4%) | 58 (4.7%) | 98 (7.9%) | ||
| Other | 67 (1.2%) | 109 (2.9%) | 16 (1.3%) | 38 (3.1%) | ||
| Not answered | 185 (3.4%) | 23 (0.6%) | 55 (4.4%) | 5 (0.4%) | ||
| Source of information of COVID-19 vaccines (%) | ||||||
| Healthcare provider | 1844 (34.3%) | 1294 (35.0%) | 0.52 | 433 (34.9%) | 387 (31.2%) | 0.050 |
| CDC or public health department | 2464 (45.9%) | 1958 (52.9%) | <0.001 | 583 (47.0%) | 612 (49.4%) | 0.24 |
| News reports | 3907 (72.7%) | 2333 (63.0%) | <0.001 | 908 (73.2%) | 773 (62.3%) | <0.001 |
| Social media | 2720 (50.6%) | 1490 (40.3%) | <0.001 | 645 (52.0%) | 505 (40.7%) | <0.001 |
| Friends or family members | 2065 (38.4%) | 1199 (32.4%) | <0.001 | 431 (34.8%) | 380 (30.6%) | 0.029 |
| Employers | 422 (7.9%) | 457 (12.3%) | <0.001 | 112 (9.0%) | 110 (8.9%) | 0.89 |
| Pharmaceutical company advertisement | 432 (8.0%) | 123 (3.3%) | <0.001 | 100 (8.1%) | 41 (3.3%) | <0.001 |
| Other | 14 (0.3%) | 54 (1.5%) | <0.001 | 4 (0.3%) | 17 (1.4%) | 0.004 |