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. 2021 Jun 11;12:693314. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.693314

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Gao, Xu, Zhang, Huang, Dai, Huang and Liu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Study design and workflow of the present study. (A) Four databases of gastric cancer sequencing or gene array data were used as test and validation cohorts. (B) RNA expression data were quantified with 29 immune signatures by single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and hierarchically clustered into three subtypes. (C) Clinical features, genetic and epigenetic patterns, immune characteristics, and enriched pathways were compared among the three subtypes. In addition, an association between subtypes and responses to immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) was evaluated in the PRJEB25780 cohort.