Englerin-A given as a pretreatment reduces carrageenan-induced paw oedema and mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, in a dose-dependent manner. (A) Time-course of paw oedema diameter measured by callipers and (B) ipsilateral/ contralateral paw mass ratio 4 h following induction of paw oedema 2% Carrageenan. Data are mean ± S.E.M, n = 11. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 versus baseline, # p < 0.05, versus vehicle, Two-way Repeated measures (RM) ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey test. (C) Myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in paw exudates, 4 h after the induction of paw inflammation. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M, n = 11. (D) Thermal and (E) mechanical paw withdrawal thresholds measured at baseline and at 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 h, respectively, after intra-plantar injections of carrageenan in the left hindpaw. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus baseline, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 versus vehicle, Two-way RM ANOVA, post hoc Tukey test. Data are mean ± S.E.M, n = 8 (Hargreaves test: n = 6).