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PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway. NRAS—Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog. PI3—Phosphoinositol-3-kinase. PIP2—Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. PIP3—Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate. PTEN—Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10. AKT—Protein kinase B. mTOR—The mechanistic target of rapamycin. BCL-2—B-cell lymphoma-2. BAD—proapoptotic protein.
