Table 5.
Effect of R. albiflorum essential oils and component compounds on agonist-induced functional responses in human neutrophils and microglial cells.
| Essential Oil or Pure Compound | FPR1- HL60 a | FPR2- HL60 b | C20 Cells a | Neutro-phils a | Neutrophils c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca2+ Influx | Chemotaxis | ||||||
| IC50 (µg/mL) | |||||||
| REOLv | 12.3 ± 2.5 | 7.6 ± 2.3 | 8.0 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | ||
| REOFl | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | ||
| Composition (%) | |||||||
| REOLv | REOFl | IC50 (µM) | |||||
| β-Phellandrene | 0 | 8.9 | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Viridiflorol | 22.0 | 1.2 | 19.5 ± 4.7 | 10.7 ± 3.8 | 22.6 ± 3.1 | 7.8 ± 2.3 | 18.3 ± 4.1 |
| Spathulenol | 14.4 | 0.3 | 32.2 ± 6.4 | 31.6 ± 5.3 | 9.8 ± 3.4 | 36.2 ± 8.2 | 4.9 ± 0.8 |
| Curzerene | 17.8 | 2.2 | 21.8 ± 6.1 | 16.7 ± 5.5 | 30.7 ± 4.4 | 11.0 ± 3.8 | 37.9 ± 2.2 |
| Germacrone | 3.3 | 0 | 27.7 ± 2.9 | 25.0 ± 7.2 | 10.7 ± 2.3 | 27.9 ± 8.9 | 8.5 ± 0.6 |
a Ca2+ influx was induced by 5 nM fMLF in HL60-FPR1 cells and primary human neutrophils or 10 μM fMLF in human C20 microglial cells. b Ca2+ influx was induced by 5 nM WKYMVM in HL60-FPR2 cells. c Neutrophil chemotaxis was induced by 1 nM fMLF. N.A. indicates the samples had essentially no activity (IC50 > 50 µM or > 50 µg/mL). The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.