Table 5.
Preclinical studies on cell lines performed with seaweed bioactive compounds.
| Preclinical Trial | Cell Lines Surveyed | Dosage (µg/mL) | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antitumoral activity of carregaagenans and oligosaccharide fractions of carregaagenans from Kappaphycus striatum | Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB), human gastric carcinoma (BGC) and human hela carcinoma (Hela) | 500, 250, 125 | The results of bioassay showed that the fraction F1 exhibits relatively higher antitumor activity against three cancer cells in vitro than polysaccharides | [94] |
| Antitumoral activity of ethanol:water extracts and ethanol:chloroform extracts of Laurencia papillosa | Jurkat cancer cells | 25–1000 | The number of the viable cells is decreased with ethanol:chloroform extract with IC50 value of 57.77 µg/mL is (more cytotoxic than the ethanol:water extract with IC50 value of 121.642 µg/mL) | [99] |
| Antitumoral activity of three sesquiterpenes (12-hydroxy isolaurene 8,11-dihydro-12-hydroxy isolaurene and isolauraldehyde) obtained from extract of the red alga Laurencia obtusa. |
Ehrlich cells (Ehrlich ascites Carcinoma, EAC) | 25, 50, 100 | Isolauraldehyde proved to have the highest cytotoxic activity (83.1%) followed by compound 2 (79.9%) | [140] |
| Antitumoral activity of ethanolic extract of Gracilaria edulis | Ehrlich ascites tumour (EAT) cells from mice | 0–100 | EAT cells viability was close to 65% At 50 μg/mL dose and the maximum decrease of 15% was observed at 100 μg/mL | [97] |
| Antigenotoxicity activity of Ulva rigida crude extracts on human lymphocytes and protective effects on chemotherapeutic agent mitomycine-C. | In vitro human lymphocytes | 10, 20, 40 | Genotoxic activity in human lymphocyte cell culture was not high, while Ulva ridiga extracts significantly decreased the number of chromosomal aberrations, the frequencies of sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei, compared with the cell culture treated with chemotherapeutic agent mitomycine-C | [107] |
| Activation of LXRα or LXRβ (nuclear receptor) from polysaccharide extracts of Sargassum fusiforme | Human microglia cells (CHME3) from University Paris-Sud, France and in vivo from mice used as model of survey for AD | 1, 3, 5 | In vitro CHME3 cells showed a significantly activation of LXRβ but not LXRα with dose of 5 µg/mL. In vivo test showed after ten weeks LXR activation in the central nervous system, evidenced by a cerebral induction of LXR response genes | [145] |
| Protection against Aβ- induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells trough isolated phlorotannins from Eisenia bicyclis | Rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 | 7-phloroeckol and phlorofucofuroeckol A have been shown to be potent neuroprotective agents | [147] |
| Protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced damage trough sulfated polysaccharides from Codium fragile | Monkey kidney fibroblasts (Vero cells) Zebrafish embyos |
12.5, 25, 50 | In vivo and in vitro tests showed the potential of polysaccharides extracted as neurorepair in animals | [149] |