Table 1.
Patient Characteristics at Enrolment (n = 90)
| Demographics | (n = 90) | I (n = 8) | II (n = 37) | III (n = 33) | IV (n = 12) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age a(years) | 69 ± 8 | 70 ± 6 | 66 ± 8 | 71 ± 8 | 68 ± 7 |
| Gender, Male (Female) | 45 (45) | 2 (5) | 13 (11) | 10 (9) | 2 (3) |
| Duration of COPD a(years) | 9 ± 7 | 11 ± 10 | 7 ± 4 | 9 ± 8 | 7 ± 3 |
| *Stable FEV1 a(% predicted) | 50 ± 20 | 86 ± 7 | 60 ± 9 | 41 ± 4 | 26 ± 8 |
| BMI, a(kg/m2) | 27 ± 6 | 29 ± 5 | 28 ± 6 | 25 ± 5 | 26 ± 5 |
| MRC Score b(n) | 3.0, 2.0 | 3.0, 0.5 | 3.0, 1.5 | 3.0, 1.0 | 3.0, 2.8 |
| Exacerbations in the previous 1year a(n) | 4.0 ± 2.2 | 4.9 ± 3.3 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 4.2 ± 3.6 | 4.2 ± 1.3 |
| Hospitalisations for AECOPD in the previous 6 months a(n) | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.0 ± 0.0 |
| Co-morbidities | |||||
| None | 20 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 4 |
| Cardiovascular | 38 | 3 | 21 | 13 | 1 |
| Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 14 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 3 |
| Other | 24 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 2 |
| COPD Medications | |||||
| β2-Agonists, Short Acting, (Long Acting) | 88, (79) | 8, (6) | 37, (37) | 33, (33) | 10, (3) |
| Anticholinergic, Short Acting, (Long Acting) | 7, (67) | 0, (5) | 2, (27) | 3, (26) | 2, (9) |
| Inhaled Steroid | 78 | 6 | 29 | 31 | 12 |
| Oral Theophylline | 17 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 4 |
Notes: Data presented as aMean ± standard deviation and bMedian, inter-quartile range. Roman numerals represent GOLD categorization of airflow limitation severity: I = mild, II = moderate, III = severe, IV = very severe. *Statistically significant difference between FEV1 across the four (I, II, III, IV) groups (p<0.001).
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; n, number; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; BMI, body mass index; kg, kilogram; m, meter; MRC, medical research council; AECOPD, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.