. 2021 Jun 25;11:13304. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92452-0

Table 2.

Associations between solid fuels use for cooking and self-reported sleep health in the CHARLS.

Outcomes	Inconsistent solid fuels use (reported in 1 or 2 surveys) vs. cleaner fuels use	Consistent solid fuels use (reported in all surveys) vs. cleaner fuels use	P value for cumulative years of exposure^b
Outcomes	OR (95% CI)^a	OR (95% CI)^a	P value for cumulative years of exposure^b
Average hours of sleep at night
$<$ 6	1.04 (0.91, 1.19)	1.17 (1.01,1.35)	0.11
6–7	0.96 (0.83, 1.12)	0.91 (0.77 1.07)	0.20
7–9	Reference	Reference	Reference
$>$ 9	1.03 (0.83, 1.28)	1.22 (0.97, 1.53)	0.12
The number of unrested days per week
$<$ 1	Reference	Reference	Reference
1–2	1.12 (0.95, 1.33)	1.17 (0.98, 1.40)	0.06
3–4	1.06 (0.90, 1.26)	1.26 (1.06, 1.51)	0.01
5–7	1.25 (1.07, 1.46)	1.32 (1.12, 1.55)	0.01

^aAdjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, household expenditure, active or passive smoking, urbanicity, and cooking location within household.

^bP value was calculated using the cumulative years of solid fuels use exposure (0, 2, 4, and 6 years) fitted as a continuous variable.