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. 2021 May 19;11(2):194–201. doi: 10.34172/hpp.2021.24

Table 2. Descriptive statistics for study variables with test of group means between face covering compliant and non-compliant individuals .

Face covering compliant individuals (n = 569) Face covering non-compliant individuals (n = 27) P value
Possible range Observed range Mean (SD) Cronbach’s alpha Possible range Observed range Mean (SD) Cronbach’s alpha
Initiation 0–4 0–4 3.63 (0.81) - 0–4 0–4 2.95 (1.40) - 0.048*
Participatory dialogue: advantages 0–20 0–20 16.77 (3.72) 0.90 0–20 0–20 13.35 (6.81) 0.98 0.072
Participatory dialogue: disadvantages 0–20 0–20 6.77 (4.20) 0.81 0–20 2–20 10.00 (5.16) 0.87 0.015*
Participatory dialogue: advantages–disadvantages -20–+20 -19–+20 10.03 (6.79) - -20–+20 -16–+18 3.88 (10.56) - 0.041*
Behavioral confidence 0–16 0–16 14.47 (2.31) 0.77 0–16 3–16 11.08 (4.06) 0.80 0.005*
Changes in the physical environment 0–12 3–12 11.10 (1.62) 0.84 0–12 3–12 10.08 (2.67) 0.86 0.088
Sustenance 0–4 0–4 3.50 (0.91) - 0–4 0–4 2.59 (1.40) - 0.017*
Emotional transformation 0–12 0–12 10.53 (2.33) 0.89 0–12 0–12 7.70 (3.40) 0.82 0.005*
Practice for change 0–12 0–12 8.11 (2.48) 0.58 0–12 2–12 6.77 (2.60) 0.59 0.015*
Changes in the social environment 0–8 0–8 6.42 (2.15) 0.84 0–8 0–8 4.95 (3.02) 0.91 0.046*