Illustration of adeno-associated virus vector plasmids. The pAAV-NAC32 plasmid encodes an αSyn-specific single-chain intrabody tagged with a FLAG epitope at the N-terminal and a 6×His epitope at the C-terminal. The pAAV-mCherry plasmid encodes a red fluorescence protein mCherry. The gene expression of these two constructs is driven by a promoter derived from cytomegalovirus. The pAAV-DIO-αSyn plasmid carries a double floxed inverted open reading frame (DIO) of the αSyn gene (tagged with a V5 epitope at the N-terminal) driven by the EF1-a promoter. The pAAV-Cre plasmid encodes a codon-improved Cre recombinase driven by the EF1-a promoter. The expression cassettes of these four constructs are flanked by the left- and right-inverted terminal repeat sequences (ITR) of serotype-2 adeno-associated virus. CMV, cytomegalovirus promoter; EF1a, elongation factor 1a promoter; lox2272, loxP, target sequences for the Cre recombinase; WPRE, woodchuck hepatitis B virus post-transcriptional regulatory element; hGH polyA, polyadenylation signal sequence of human growth hormone.