AKT |
Protein kinase B |
bFGF |
Basic fibroblast growth factor |
BMDM |
Bone marrow derived macrophages |
CCL2 |
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 |
CCR2 |
C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 |
CD |
Cluster of differentiation |
CSCs |
Cancer stem cells |
CSF |
Colony-stimulating factor |
CSF1R |
Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor |
CTLA4 |
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
CXCL12 |
CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 |
CXCR4 |
CXC chemokine receptor 4 |
C/EBP |
CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein |
DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid |
ECM |
Extracellular matrix |
EGCG |
Epigallocatechin gallate |
EGF |
Epidermal growth factor |
EGFR |
Epidermal growth factor receptor |
ER |
Estrogen receptor |
HB-EGF |
Heparin- binding EGF-like growth factor |
HER2 |
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 |
HIFs |
Hypoxia-inducible-factors |
HUVEC |
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
HSP |
Heat shock proteins |
ICAM-1 |
Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 |
IFN-ƴ |
Interferon gamma |
ILs |
Interleukins |
IL4Rα |
IL-4 receptor α |
iNOS |
Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
IRF |
Interferon regulatory factor |
KLF |
Kruppel-like factor |
LPS |
Lipopolysaccharide |
mAbs |
Monoclonal antibodies |
M-CSF |
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
MDSCs |
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
MHC |
Major histocompatibility complex |
MIF |
Macrophage inhibitory factor |
miRNA |
MicroRNA |
MMP9 |
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 |
MYC |
MYC Proto-Oncogene, BHLH Transcription Factor |
NF-kβ |
Nuclear factor—kappa beta |
NK |
Natural killer |
NO |
Nitric oxide |
PDGF |
Platelet-derived growth factor |
PI3K |
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase |
PPARƴ |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
PTEN |
Phosphatase and tensin homolog |
RNA |
Ribonucleic acid |
shRNA |
Small hairpin RNA |
siRNA |
Short-interfering RNA |
SOX |
SRY-related HMG-box |
STAT3 |
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
TAMs |
Tumor-associated macrophages |
TDEs |
Tumor-derived exosomes |
TGF-β |
Transforming growth factor beta |
TIE2 |
TEK tyrosine kinase endothelial |
TLR |
Toll-like receptor |
TME |
Tumor microenvironment |
TNFα |
Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
TRAIL |
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |
Tregs |
Regulatory T cells |
VEGF |
Vascular endothelial growth factor |
VEGFR |
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor |