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. 2021 Jun 19;10(6):771. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10060771

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Predicted Secondary Structures of Alphavirus 5′ UTRs. (A) IFIT1 recognizes non-self RNA partially through the absence of 2′O methylation on the 5′ cap structure. In the absence of 2′O methylation, IFIT1 binds to the 5′ end of the RNA and represses viral translation, leading to reduced pathogenesis (A, top). The 5′ stem-loop structure in the alphaviral 5′ UTR blocks binding of IFIT1 to the viral RNA, preventing translational inhibition and host detection, leading to enhanced viral pathogenesis (A, bottom). The stem-loops in the 5′ UTR of VEEV TC-83 (L01443) (B), VEEV ZPC738 (AF100566) (C), SINV (U38305) (D), and SFV (Y17207) (E) [26,29,30,31]. In these structures the 5′ end is annotated and the Start codon immediately follows last nucleotide illustrated.