| PBM | photobiomodulation |
| LLLI | low-level laser irradiation |
| LLLT | low-level laser treatment |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| H2D-CF-DA | 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium |
| MSCs | mesenchymal stem cells |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| WALT | World Association for Photobiomodulation Therapy |
| ACTB | β-actin |
| GAPDH | glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| P53 | tumor protein P53 |
| CASP3 | caspase 3 |
| CASP9 | caspase 9 |
| BAX | BCL2 associated X protein |
| BCL2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 |
| CD44 | cluster of differentiation 44 |
| THY1/CD90 | thymocyte differentiation antigen 1/cluster of differentiation 90 |
| ENG/CD105 | endoglin/cluster of differentiation 105 |
| AU | arbitrary units |