Table 1.
Recent findings on the association between obesity and MS in both adult and pediatric patients.
| Reference | Study Population MS Cases vs. (Control Cases) |
Exposure (Childhood vs. Adolescent vs. Adult Obesity) |
Study Outcome (Early-Onset MS vs. MS vs. MS Progress) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mendelian randomization studies | |||
| Mokry et al., 2016 [13] | 14,498 (346,196) | Childhood and/or early adulthood obesity | MS in adults |
| Gianfrancesco et al., 2017 [20] | 569 (16,820) | Childhood obesity | Pediatric MS |
| Harroud et al., 2021 [14] | 14,802 (26,703) | Childhood obesity | MS in adults |
| Epidemiological studies | |||
| Langer-Gould et al., 2013 [15] | 75 | Childhood obesity | MS/CIS in adolescent girls |
| Kvistad et al., 2015 [19] | 86 | Adult obesity | MS progress |
| Chitnis et al., 2016 [16] | 254 (420) | Adolescent obesity | Pediatric MS |
| Hedstrom et al., 2016 [12] | 1586 (2800) | Childhood and adolescent obesity | MS in adults |
| Huppke et al., 2019 [18] | 453 | Childhood and adolescent obesity | Pediatric MS MS progress |