Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study | Mean age (SD) | Mean BMI (SD) | % of females | Intervention(s) | Comparator(s) | Intensity of contact | Feedback provider | Intervention length | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Blomfield et al. 2013 [38] Australia |
47.5 (11.0) | 32.7 (3.5) | 0 |
SHED-IT online (n = 53) |
SHED-IT Program materials (n = 54) Wait-list (n = 52) |
IC (SHED-IT WBE) SH (SHED-IT Program materials) |
Human (SHED-IT) | 12 weeks | 24 weeks |
|
Chambliss et al. 2011 [39] USA |
45.0 (10.3) | 30.5 | 83 |
WBB (n = 45) WBE (n = 45) |
Wait-list (n = 30) |
GSH (WBB) MC (WBE) |
Human (Both conditions) | 12 Weeks | – |
|
Collins et al. 2012 [41] Australia |
42.0 (10.2) | 32.3 (4.0) | 58 |
WBB (n = 99) WBE (n = 106) |
Wait-list (n = 104) |
SH (WBB) MC (WBE) |
Machine (WBE) | 12 weeks | – |
|
Collins et al. 2013 [40] Australia |
41.9 (10.2) | 32.2 (3.9) | 58.5 |
WBB (n = 143) WBE (n = 158) |
Comparison between intervention groups |
SH (WBB) MC (WBE) |
Machine (WBE) | 24 weeks | – |
|
Gabriele et al. 2010 [42] USA |
45.4 (8.7) | 32.1 (4.3) | 83.7 |
Minimal E-Coach Support (n = 34) Directive E-Coach Support (n = 35) Non-Directive E-Coach Support (n = 35) |
Comparison between intervention groups |
GSH (Minimal E-Coach Support) MC (Non-Directive E-Coach Support) IC (Directive E-Coach Support) |
Human (All conditions) |
12 weeks | – |
|
Gold et al. 2007 USA [43] |
47.7 (10.3) | 32.4 (4.1) | 81.5 |
eDiets (n = 62) VTrim (n = 62) |
Comparison between intervention groups |
MC (eDiets) IC (VTrim) |
Machine (eDiets) Human (VTrim) |
24 weeks | 48 weeks |
|
Hunter et al. 2008 [44] USA |
34.0 (7.3) | 29.4 (3.0) | 50.2 | BIT + LEARN program (n = 224) |
Usual Care (n = 222) |
IC (BIT + LEARN) SH (Usual Care) |
Human (BIT + L.EARN) |
24 weeks | – |
|
Morgan et al. 2009 [47] Australia |
35.9 (11.1) | 30.6 (2.8) | 0 | SHED-IT (n = 34) | Information (n = 31) |
IC (SHED-IT) SH (Information) |
Human (SHED-IT) | 12 weeks | 24 weeks |
|
Morgan et al. 2010 [48] Australia |
35.9 (11.1) | 30.6 (2.8) | 0 | SHED-IT (n = 34) | Information (n = 31) |
IC (SHED-IT) SH (Information) |
Human (SHED-IT) | 12 weeks | 48 weeks |
|
Morgan et al. 2011 [46] Australia |
44.4 (8.6) | 30.5 (3.6) | 0 | POWER (n = 65) | Wait-list (n = 45) | IC (POWER) | Human (POWER) | 14 weeks | – |
|
Morgan et al. 2013 [45] Australia |
47.5 (11.0) | 32.7 (3.5) | 0 | SHED-IT (n = 53) |
SHED-IT Program materials (n = 54) Wait-list (n = 52) |
IC (SHED-IT) SH (SHED-IT Program materials) |
Human (SHED-IT) | 12 weeks | 24 weeks |
|
O’Brien et al. 2014 [49] Australia |
41.6 (10.2) | 32.3 (3.9) | 58.5 |
WBB (n = 94) WBE (n = 98) |
Wait-list (n = 97) |
SH (WBB) MC (WBE) |
Machine (WBE) | 12 weeks | – |
|
Tate et al. 2001 [50] USA |
40.9 (10.6) | 29.0 (3.0) | 89 |
IE (n = 45) IBT (n = 46) |
Comparison between intervention groups |
MC (IE) IC (IBT) |
Human (Both conditions) | 24 weeks | – |
|
Thomas et al. 2017 [51] USA |
55.0 (11.5) | 33.9 (3.7) | 77.5 |
WWO (n = 94) WWO + AL (n = 91) |
Newsletters (n = 86) |
SH (WWO) GSH (WWO + AL) SH (Newsletters) |
Machine (WWO + AL) |
48 weeks | – |
|
Womble et al. 2004 [52] USA |
43.7 (10.2) | 33.5 (3.1) | 100 | eDiets (n = 23) |
LEARN program (n = 24) |
GSH (eDiets) SH (LEARN) |
Human (eDiets) | 48 weeks | – |
BIT Behavioral Internet Therapy, GSH Guided Self-Help, IC Intensive contact, IBT Internet Behavior Therapy, IE Internet Education, LEARN Lifestyle Exercise Attitudes Relationships Nutrition, MC Minimal Contact, POWER Preventing Obesity Without Eating Like a Rabbit, SH Self-Help, SHED-IT Self-Help Exercise and Diet using Internet Technologya, WBB Web-Based Basic, WBE Web-Based Enhanced
aRegardless of the SHED-IT program means Self-Help, in this study have been classified as intensive contact because of the proportion of weekly-personalized feedback the four first weeks