ALT	alanine aminotransferase
AP-1	activator protein 1
AST	aspartate aminotransferase
ATPase	adenosine triphosphatase
B-ALL	B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
CAM	chorioallantoic membrane
Caspases	cysteine-aspartate proteases
CAT	catalase
CDK	cyclin-dependent kinases
CFEZO	crude flavonoid extracts from Z. officinale
CKI	cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitor
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
CRC	colorectal carcinoma
CSCs	cancer stem cells
CuZn-SOD Cu-Zn	superoxide dismutase
CYP-P450	cytochrome P450
DMBA	0.5% 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
DNPH	dinitrophenylhydrazone
ECOG	Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
EE	Etlingera elatior
EMT	epithelial-mesenchymal transition
eNO	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAs	focal adhesions
GAE	aqueous extract of ginger
GDNVs	ginger-derived nanovectors
GR	glutathione reductase
GSH	Glutathione
GST	glutathione-S-transferase
HBP	hamster buccal pouch
HNSCC	head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HUVECs	human umbilical vein endothelial cells
IAP	inhibitor of apoptosis
IL-8	interleukin 8
LC3-II	light chain3-II
MAPK	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
MDA	malondialdehyde
MDR	multidrug resistance
MET	esenchymal–epithelial transition
miRs	microRNA
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
MRP1	multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
mTOR	the mechanistic target of rapamycin
MTX	methotrexate
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
Nox	NADPH oxidases
NSCLC	non-small-cell lung cancer
PEG	Polyethylene Glycol
Pgp	P-glycoprotein
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
RNA	ribonucleic acid
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCID	severe combined immune deficient
SDGE	Steam Distilled Extract of Ginger
SMs	6-shogaol loaded micelles
SSHE	extract of Syussai ginger
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
T-ALL	T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
TNBC	triple negative breast cancer
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
TRAIL	TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
USP14	ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
XO	xanthine oxidase
ZOME	Methanolic extract of Zingiber officinale rhizome