Table 1.
Hydrogels | Transparency | Fracture Strain | Tensile Strength | Toughness | Conductivity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(%) | (%) | (MPa) | (MJ/m3) | (S/m) | |
PVA/cellulose nanofibrils/DMSO/H2O [33] | 90% | 660 | 2.1 | 5.25 | 3.2 |
PAAm/GE/Na3Cit [34] | non-transparent (milky white) | 849 | 1.66 | 4.37 | 1.5 |
Cellulose/benzyltrimethyl ammonium hydroxide/epichlorohydrin [35] | non-transparent (black) | 219 | 2 | 1.8 | 2.37 |
Fe3+/SL/PAA [36] | 82% (red) | 1680 | 0.052 | 0.59 | 7.0 × 10−2 |
PVA/GE/GL/NaCl [37] | Semi-transparent (N/A) | 715 | 1.044 | 3.605 | 0.4 |
Adenosine monophosphate/quaternized chitosan/NaCl/PAAm [38] | 92% | 1731 | 0.347 | 2.8 | 1.45 |
This work | 90% | 707 | 2.65 | 10.72 | 2.688 |
PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; GE: gelatin; SL: sulfonated lignin; PAA: polyacrylic acid; GL: glycerin.