P1 nuclease analysis of DUE unwinding in the presence of ATP/ADP and identification of ATP-dependent DnaA boxes in H. pylori oriC. After incubation with the indicated amounts of DnaA and ATP or ADP, the poriWT plasmid was either treated with P1 nuclease, BglII digested, and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis (a) or modified with DMS and used as a template in PE reactions containing 32P-labeled primers E1 (b) and E2 (c). The protected guanine residues (G) are to the right of the gels. Except for the newly identified box c-ATP DnaA, for which the DNA sequence is presented, the DnaA boxes are marked by continuous lines.