Table 2.
Bioactive molecule therapy for cancers using MSCs.
| Factor | Mechanism | Tumor Model | Vector | MSCs/Tumor Cells | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN-α | Induction of apoptosis | Melanoma | Adenoviral | 10:1 | [71] |
| IFN-β | Induction of differentiation | Glioma, prostate cancer | Adenoviral | 1:2 or 1:2.5 | [24,72] |
| IFN-γ | Induction of apoptosis | Lung cancer | Lentiviral | 1:3.3 | [73] |
| IL-2 | Immunomodulation | Glioma | Adenoviral | 10:1 | [74] |
| IL7 | Th1 polarization | Colorectal cancer | Retroviral | 1:6 | [75] |
| IL-12 | Activation of T and NK cells | Renal cell carcinoma, glioma | Adenoviral | 1:20 or 1:1 | [76,77] |
| IL-15 | Activation of T and NK cells | Pancreatic cancer | Lentiviral | 1:1 | [70] |
| IL-25 | Proapoptosis | Pancreatic cancer | — | — | [78] |
| CX3CL1 | Activation of T and NK cells | melanoma, colon cancer | Adenoviral | 1:1 | [79] |
| TRAIL | Induction of apoptosis | Pancreatic cancer | Lentiviral | 1:2 or 1:3 | [80,81,82] |
| TSP-1 | Antiangiogenesis | Glioblastoma | Lentiviral | 1:2.5 | [83] |
| NK4 | Induction of apoptosis | Colon cancer | Adenoviral | 1:1 | [84] |