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Ten bioactive molecules with antioxidant activity were used as representative markers of biological activity typical for poplar-type propolis: caffeic acid (1), p-coumaric acid (2), trans-ferulic acid (3), trans-cinnamic acid (4), kaempferol (5), apigenin (6), pinocembrin (7), chrysin (8), CAPE (9), galangin (10).
