Table 4.

Antimicrobials used on admission among suspected COVID-19 patients according to disease severity at 12 selected hospitals in Bangladesh, March–August 2020.

Antimicrobials	Disease Severity
	Mild (n = 436) n (%)	Moderate (n = 389) n (%)	Severe (n = 326) n (%)	Critical (n = 37) n (%)	Total (n = 1188) n (%)
Antibiotic	334 (76.6)	367 (94.3)	321 (98.5)	35 (94.6)	1057 (89.0)
Cephalosporin	197 (45.2)	259 (66.6)	250 (76.7)	21 (56.8)	727 (61.2)
First-generation	0	0	0	0	0
Second-generation	10 (2.3)	30 (7.7)	10 (3.1)	4 (10.8)	54 (4.6)
Third-generation	187 (42.9)	231 (59.4)	239 (73.3)	17 (46.0)	674 (56.7)
Fourth-generation	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.3)	0 (0)	1 (0.1)
Macrolide	88 (20.2)	98 (25.2)	74 (22.7)	5 (13.5)	265 (22.3)
Penicilin	48 (11)	59 (15.2)	63 (19.3)	8 (21.6)	178 (15.0)
Aminoglycoside	15 (3.4)	37 (9.5)	51 (15.6)	6 (16.2)	109 (9.2)
Quinolones	27 (6.2)	11 (2.8)	13 (4)	1 (2.7)	52 (4.4)
Tetracycline	18 (4.1)	16 (4.1)	16 (4.9)	6 (16.2)	56 (4.7)
Carbapenems	17 (3.9)	6 (1.5)	18 (5.5)	3 (8.1)	44 (3.7)
Oxazolidinones	4 (0.9)	3 (0.8)	2 (0.6)	3 (8.1)	12 (1.0)
Glycopeptides	4 (0.9)	2 (0.5)	2 (0.6)	2 (5.4)	10 (0.8)
Nitroimidazoles	9 (2.1)	2 (0.5)	0 (0)	1 (2.7)	12 (1.0)
WHO AWaRe classification antibiotics
Access	82 (18.8)	106 (27.2)	122 (37.4)	19 (51.3)	329 (27.7)
Watch	287 (65.8)	341 (87.7)	293 (89.9)	28 (75.7)	949 (79.9)
Reserve	4 (0.9)	3 (0.8)	2 (0.6)	3 (8.1)	12 (1.0)
Antiviral drug
Acyclovir	2 (0.5)	0	0	1 (2.7)	3 (0.2)
Adefovir	0	1 (0.3)	0	0	1 (0.1)
Zidovudine	1 (0.2)	0	0	0	1 (0.1)
Valacyclovir	3 (0.7)	0	0	0	3 (0.2)
Favipiravir	2 (0.5)	0	6 (1.8)	0	8 (0.7)
Antiparasitic drug
Ivermectin	3 (0.7)	6 (1.5)	16 (4.9)	5 (13.5)	30 (2.5)