Table A1.
Antimicrobials used for suspected COVID-19 patients on admission in different wards, CCUs, and ICUs of 12 selected hospitals in Bangladesh, March–August 2020.
| Antimicrobials | Type of Wards | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medicine n = 676 n (%) |
Pediatrics n = 389 n (%) |
ICU n = 2 n (%) |
CCU n = 54 n (%) |
COVID-19 Isolation n = 67 n (%) |
Total n = 1188 n (%) |
|
| Antibiotics | ||||||
| Cephalosporin | 365 (54.0) | 334 (85.9) | 0 | 18 (33.3) | 10 (14.9) | 727 (61.2) |
| First-generation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Second-generation | 17 (2.5) | 35 (9.0) | 0 | 2 (3.7) | 0 | 54 (4.6) |
| Third-generation | 349 (51.6) | 299 (76.9) | 0 | 16 (29.6) | 10 (14.9) | 674 (56.7) |
| Fourth-generation | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Macrolide | 238 (35.2) | 7 (1.8) | 0 | 11 (20.4) | 9 (13.4) | 265 (22.3) |
| Penicilin | 101 (14.9) | 53 (13.6) | 2 (100) | 19 (35.2) | 3 (4.5) | 178 (15.0) |
| Aminoglycoside | 4 (0.6) | 103 (26.5) | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 1 (1.5) | 109 (9.2) |
| Quinolones | 50 (7.4) | 2 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 (4.4) |
| Tetracycline | 47 (6.9) | 0 | 0 | 2 (3.7) | 7 (10.4) | 56 (4.7) |
| Carbapenems | 26 (3.8) | 14 (3.6) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (3.0) | 44 (3.7) |
| Oxazolidinone | 2 (0.3) | 10 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 (1.0) |
| Glycopeptides | 0 | 10 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 (0.8) |
| Nitroimidazoles | 11 (1.6) | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 (1.0) |
| WHO AWaRe classification antibiotics | ||||||
| Access | 145 (21.4) | 153 (39.3) | 2 (100.0) | 19 (35.2) | 10 (14.9) | 329 (27.7) |
| Watch | 547 (80.92) | 355 (91.3) | 1 (50.0) | 25 (46.3) | 21 (31.3) | 949 (79.9) |
| Reserve | 2 (0.3) | 10 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 (1.0) |
| Antiviral | ||||||
| Acyclovir | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0.2) |
| Adefovir | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Zidovudine | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Valacyclovir | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 2 (3.7) | 0 | 3 (0.2) |
| Favipiravir | 6 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (3.0) | 8 (0.7) |
| Antiparasitic drug | ||||||
| Ivermectin | 28 (4.1) | 0 | 0 | 2 (3.7) | 0 | 30 (2.5) |