Table 1.
The Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment-free, and Deliverable to end-users (ASSURED) criteria grading assigned in this comparative evaluation of different types of portable food analyzers. Five stars were given to the device with the highest performance in each criterion compared with other devices. As an example, the paper-based colorimetric device is the cheapest of the portable analyzers, so it was assigned five stars in the Affordability criteria. (star 
).
| Criteria | Affordable | Sensitive | Specific | User-Friendly | Rapid and Robust | Equipment-Free | Deliverable to End-user | Overall Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paper-based colorimetric | 5 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
 4.3 |
| Smartphone-based optical | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
 3.4 |
| Smartphone-based electrochemical |
2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
3.1 |
| Microfluidic chip-based electrochemical | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
 2.7 |
| Microfluidic chip-based optical | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
2.6 |
| Paper-based electrochemical |
3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
2.6 |
| Raman/IR -based | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
2.6 |
| Portable MS as screening | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
2.4 |