Table 2.

Organ-on-a-chip applications.

Organ/Tissue Type	Chip Material	Membrane Material	Application	Reference
Alveolus-on-a-chip	PDMS	PDMS	Interface alveolar epithelium/endothelium for the study of inflammation-induced thrombosis	[60]
Bone marrow-on-a-chip	PDMS	PDMS	Analysis of the cellular response to drugs and radiation	[61]
Gut-on-a-chip	PDMS	Polyester	Development of a platform for drug screening and substance toxicity testing	[62]
Heart-on-a-chip	PDMS	No membrane	Testing the inotropic effect of isoproterenol on cardiac contractility	[63]
	PMMA and PDMS	No membrane	Evaluation of cardiovascular toxicity of some pharmaceutical products	[64]
Intestine–liver–brain–kidney-on-a-chip	PDMS	PDMS	Production and testing of an autologous iPSC derived four-organ-on-a-chip in long-term cocultivation conditions (i.e., 14 days)	[69]
Kidney-on-a-chip	PDMS	Polyester	Analysis in conditions close to the physiological ones of renal tubule cells	[70]
Lung-on-a-chip	PDMS	PDMS	Mimicking and analyzing the long alveolar barrier	[65]
Lung–liver–heart-on-a-chip	PMMA and PDMS	Polyester	Assessment of the importance of interactions between organs in response to drugs	[68]
Pancreas-on-a-chip	PDMS	Polyester	Investigating the role of CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) in insulin production	[66]
Skin-on-a-chip	PDMS	Polyester	Mimicking edema and inflammation of the skin and testing dexamethasone effects	[67]