Table 1. Characteristics of addicts, narcoleptic patients, and control subjects.
PMI, postmortem interval; avg, average; MI, myocardial infarction; N/A, not available; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.
| Subject | Sex | Age | Cause of death | Medications | PMI | pH | Years in fix | Estimated hypocretin cell no. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addicts (A) | |||||||||
| A-1 | M | 38 | Heroin intoxication | Oxycodone abuse, smoked 1 ½ packs per day | 20.0 | 6.84 | 3.5 | 121,173 | |
| A-2 | F | 26 | Asthma complicating Narc intoxication | Heroin, cocaine, methadone (110 g) for 8 months, nonsmoker | 4.0 | 6.63 | 3.5 | 130,719 | |
| A-3 | M | 72 | Cancer | Former heroin addict, morphine alcohol “comfort” 4 days before death | 19.0 | 3.6 | 111,466 | ||
| A-4 | M | 28 | Methadone intoxication and cocaine use | Heroin, cocaine, methadone | 13.0 | 5.52 | 3 | 123,810 | |
| A-5 | F | 19 | Methadone intoxication | High-dose drug abuse | 24.0 | 5.45 | 3 | 141,717 | Avg: 125,777 |
| Control subjects for addicts (C) | |||||||||
| C-1 | F | 42 | Breast cancer | 15.0 | N/A | 1.0 | 84,546 | ||
| C-2 | M | 32 | MI, aneurism | N/A | N/A | 8.0 | 89,652 | ||
| C-3 | M | 61 | Pneumonia, testicular tumor | N/A | N/A | 8.0 | 65,833 | ||
| C-4 | F | 44 | Breast cancer | N/A | N/A | 8.0 | 86,354 | ||
| C-5 | F | 27 | Mild hypoxia, arterial calcification, congenital heart defect, coronary artery atherosclerosis | N/A | N/A | 1.5 | 78,656 | ||
| C-6 | F | 33 | SLE, sepsis | N/A | N/A | 1.5 | 76,921 | ||
| C-7 | M | 29 | Leukemia, bacterial sepsis, hypoxia | N/A | N/A | 1.5 | 89,732 | Avg: 81,671 | |
| Control subjects for narcolepsy | |||||||||
| NBB-00-022 | F | 83 | Acute MI | 7.5 | 6.52 | 0.1 | 106,366 | ||
| NBB-00-072 | M | 78 | Kidney failure | 18.0 | 5.84 | 0.1 | 88,404 | ||
| NBB-00-142 | F | 82 | MI | 5.3 | 6.6 | 0.1 | 70,976 | Avg: 88,582 | |
| Narcolepsy with cataplexy | |||||||||
| NBB-08023 | F | 66 | Heart failure | Amphetamine, 5.45 mg, 1 time/day | |||||
| Modafinil, 100 mg, 3 times/day | 7.0 | 6.57 | 0.1 | 3276 | 3.6% control | ||||
| Sodium oxybate at 500 mg/ml, 2 times 6 ml/day | |||||||||
| Narcolepsy with cataplexy morphine-treated hypersomnia | |||||||||
| NBB-01064 | F | 85 | Chronic pain syndrome with palliative sedation | Morphine, 10 mg, 2 times/day (9 years) | 3.4 | 6.77 | 0.1 | 16,834 | 19% control |
| Modafinil, 200 mg, 1–2 times/day | |||||||||