Table 1.
Published Series on SAT in PJI.
| Reference | Number of Patients | Type of Infection | Aetiology (%) | Follow-Up (Months) | Criteria for Success | Success Rate | Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goulet, 1988 [3] | 19 | 90% chronic 10% acute |
S. aureus (21%), CoNS (21%), Streptococcus spp. (32%) | 49.2 | Retention of the implant | 63% | No data |
| Tsukayama, 1991 [15] | 13 | 100% chronic | S. aureus, (54%), CoNS (46%) | 37.2 | Retention of the implant | 23% | 38% antibiotic needed to be changed |
| Segreti, 1998 [4] | 18 | 50% chronic 50% acute |
S. aureus (44%), CoNS (44%) | 48 | Remained asymptomatic and functional prosthesis | 83% | 22% CDI |
| Rao, 2003 [14] | 36 | 53% chronic 47% acute |
S. aureus (26%), CoNS (50%) | 60 | Remained asymptomatic and functional prosthesis |
86% | 8% diarrhoea |
| Marculescu, 2006 [13] | 88 | No data | S. aureus (32%), CoNS (23%) | 23.3 | Absence of the following: Relapse, reinfection, presence of acute inflammation in the periprosthetic tissue or at any subsequent surgery on the joint, development of a sinus tract, death from prosthesis-related infection, or indeterminate clinical failure |
57% | 3% diarrhoea, 11% hypersensitivity, one case of CDI |
| Byren, 2009 [9] | 112 | 31% chronic 69% acute |
S. aureus (40%), CoNS (23%) | 27.6 | Absence of the following: Recurrence, wound or sinus drainage recurring or persisting for 3 months beyond the index debridement procedure or requirement for revision surgery (irrespective of the indication) |
82% | No data |
| Prendki, 2014 [6] | 38 | 61% chronic 39% acute |
S. aureus (39%), Streptococcus spp. (18%), Gram-negative bacilli (17%) | 24 | Absence of the following: Persisting infection, relapse, new infection, treatment discontinuation because of severe adverse events, or related or unrelated death |
60% | 1 case of recurrent CDI. |
| Siqueira, 2015 [16] | 92 | 61% chronic 39% acute |
S. aureus (48%), CoNS (35%) | 69.1 | Absence of the following: Subsequent surgical intervention for infection after the index procedure, persistent sinus tract, drainage, or joint pain at the last follow-up visit, or death related to the PJI |
69% | No data |
| Prendki, 2017 [10] | 136 | No data | S. aureus (62%), CoNS (21%) | 24 | Absence of the following: Local or systemic progression of the infection, death, or discontinuation because an adverse drug reaction |
61% | 18.4% discontinued antibiotics, but in half of cases, the antibiotic could be replaced by another. |
| Pradier, 2017 [8] | 39 | 61% delayed or late | S. aureus (79%), CoNS (10%) | 24 | Absence of the following: | 74% | 15% (phototoxicity and gastrointestinal intolerance) |
| 39% acute | Signs of infection assessed ≥24 months after the end of the curative treatment and then at the last contact with the patient, or death related to the PJI | ||||||
| Wouthuyzen- Bakker, 2017 [17] | 21 | 62% late or delayed 38% early | S. aureus (33%), CoNS (38%) | 21 | Absence of the following: Pain during follow-up, surgical intervention is needed to control the infection, or death related to PJI | 67% | 43% reported side effects and needed change or adjustment of the dosage. |
| Pradier, 2018 [18] | 78 | 60% delayed or late 40% early |
S. aureus (40%), CoNS (32%) | 34 | Absence of the following: Signs of infection assessed ≥24 months after the end of the curative treatment and then at the last contact with the patient, or death related to the PJI |
72% | 18% phototoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbance |
| Escudero-Sánchez, 2019 [19] | 302 | 73% chronic 11% haematogenous 16% early postoperative |
S. aureus (31%), CoNS (33%) | 36.5 | Absence of the following: Appearance or persistence of a sinus tract, need for debridement or replacement of the prosthesis due to persistence of the infection, or the presence of uncontrolled symptoms, death related to PJI |
59% | 17% gastrointestinal 5% cutaneous |
| Leijtens, 2019 [20] | 23 | 30% early 70% late or delayed |
S. aureus (2%), CoNS (61%) | 33 | Absence of the following: Reoperation for PJI or death related to PJI | 56.5 | 24% needed change or dosage modifications. |
| Sandiford, 2019 [5] | 24 | No data |
S. aureus (25%), CoNS (21%) |
38.4 | Absence of the following: Sepsis arising from the affected joint, no progression to further surgery, or death related to PJI. |
83 | 4.2% rash 4.2% rifampicin interaction |
CDI: Clostridioides difficile infection; CoNS: coagulase-negative staphylococci.