Table 1.
Transporters involved in urate disposition. Abbreviations: 5-/6-CF, 5-/6-carboxyfluorescein; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; E3S, estrone 3-sulfate; MTX, methotrexate; PAH, p-aminohippuric acid; PhA, pheophorbide A; PTC, proximal tubule cells; SU, serum urate.
| Transporter Common Name/Gene Symbol | Known Genetic Association with SU | Localization in the PTC | Cellular Direction of Transport | Function in Urate Disposition | Probe Substrates Other than Urate Used in In Vitro Interaction Assays |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OAT1/SLC22A6 | Y | basolateral | uptake | secretion | PAH, 6-CF, chlorothiazide, MTX |
| OAT2/SLC22A7 | Y | basolateral | uptake | secretion | - |
| OAT3/SLC22A8 | N | basolateral | uptake | secretion | PAH, E3S, 5-CF, MTX |
| BCRP/ABCG2 | Y | apical | efflux | secretion | genistein, PhA, E3S, MTX, rosuvastatin |
| MRP4/ABCC4 | Y | apical | efflux | secretion | DHEAS, MTX |
| NPT1/SLC17A1 | Y | apical | efflux | secretion | - |
| NPT4/SLC17A3 | Y | apical | efflux | secretion | - |
| URAT1/SLC22A12 | Y | apical | uptake | reabsorption | - |
| OAT4/SLC22A11 | Y | apical | uptake | reabsorption | E3S |
| OAT10/SLC22A13 | N | apical | uptake | reabsorption | - |
| GLUT9/SLC2A9 | Y | basolateral | efflux | reabsorption | - |